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October 1, 2020
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Journal article
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On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae)
Keywords
family: Theridiidae family: Scelionidae family: Arecaceae family: Cyperaceae family: Araneae (awaiting allocation) family: Podostemaceae family: Araneidae family: Urticaceae family: Heliconiaceae family: Diguetidae family: Pholcidae genus: Anopsicus genus: Carapoia genus: Queliceria genus: Pinocchio genus: Spermophora genus: Venezuela genus: Metagonia genus: Aymaria genus: Smeringopus genus: Leptopholcus genus: Pholcophora genus: Carbonaria genus: Tolteca genus: Guaranita genus: Tupigea genus: Hedypsillus genus: Pemona genus: Boconita genus: Arenita genus: Hedypsilus genus: Mesabolivari genus: Mecoloesthus genus: Micropholcus genus: Chichiriviche genus: Modisimus genus: Moraia genus: Coryssocnemis genus: Systenita genus: Physocyclus genus: Portena genus: Litoporus genus: Psilochorus genus: Mariguitaia genus: Heliconia genus: Sanluisi genus: Teranga genus: Ixchela genus: Ibotyporanga genus: Otavaloa genus: Uthina genus: Cecropia genus: Astrocaryum genus: Mecolaesthus genus: Saciperere genus: Chibchea genus: Aucana genus: Autana genus: Blechroscelis genus: Kambiwa genus: Canaima genus: Maimire genus: Galapa genus: Micromerys genus: Crossopriza genus: T. genus: Baeus genus: Pisaboa genus: Cantikus genus: Tonoro genus: Artema genus: Carupania genus: Anomalaia genus: Blancoa genus: Antricola genus: Nasuta genus: Pholcus genus: Kairona genus: Stenosfemuraia genus: Chisosa genus: Coroia genus: Idris genus: Mesabolivar genus: Falconia genus: Priscula species: sucrensis species: cachapa species: fazendinha species: minimus species: amapa species: guacharo species: cumbre species: arima species: cornutus species: guaquira species: longipes species: maculata species: danielae species: mitchelli species: eberhardi species: furcula species: repens species: maraba species: callaica species: spiniphila species: piacoa species: baja species: lyoni species: bienmesabe species: juliae species: piedraensis species: borburatensis species: silvae species: acrensis species: blechroscelis species: baerti species: abrahami species: vulgare species: emekori species: cylindrogaster species: mucuy species: mapiri species: guasacaca species: trampa species: bariro species: monaguensis species: alegria species: multidenticulata species: saul species: tuberculosus species: laldea species: piedras species: david species: taruma species: guianesa species: tunebo species: guatirensis species: taino species: arepa species: graphorn species: moraensis species: acarite species: dimona species: lechosa species: domingo species: guttata species: aerius species: longissimus species: pseudoblechroscelis species: silvanus species: salmeronica species: dugesi species: triocular species: estrecha species: santosi species: pilosa species: fauroti species: fombonai species: diroa species: uncata species: cuadrata species: nigrifrons species: tuberculosa species: andinensis species: boconoensis species: tico species: ramosae species: spinulosus species: retracta species: thunbergae species: beni species: marcuzzii species: atlanta species: avila species: puntiaguda species: conica species: guaraque species: cyaneus species: aurantiacus species: tabay species: mariguitarensis species: parva species: caquetio species: uncatus species: ana species: yerbatero species: simla species: limon species: talamanca species: tarsocurvipes species: ulai species: yuruani species: cordiformis species: prasina species: discrepantis species: cienaga species: zerpa species: fallax species: soukous species: reventazona species: carli species: sapo species: azulita species: araguanus species: binghamae species: lagunosa species: niquitanus species: grandis species: naideae species: alagoas species: culicinus species: monagas species: rica species: tzotzile species: simoni species: venezuelanus species: paila species: paeza species: perlonga species: jiboia species: delicata species: autanensis species: copeyensis species: hoti species: multidenticulatus species: costanero species: exigua species: curimagua species: chicha species: lutea species: loca species: bolivari species: paraguaensis species: pulchra species: limonensis species: suassunai species: yacambu species: chiapa species: diluta species: iguassuensis species: peckorum species: sayona species: guatopo species: serrapelada species: ranchograndensis species: pusillus species: uvita species: sabah species: parchita species: lawrencei species: merida species: hylobatea species: anseriformis species: chejapi species: evaluna species: secoya species: venezuelana species: puntiagudus species: multispinae species: lemniscatus species: lionzae species: macushi species: viridis species: phalangioides species: cariacoensis species: caracensis species: piapoco species: latigo species: globosus species: spinosus species: magna
We present a comprehensive revision of the pholcid spider collection of M.A. González-Sponga, who between 1998 and 2011 described 22 new genera and 51 new species of Pholcidae from Venezuela. In addition, we treat the pholcid material collected during three expeditions to Venezuela conducted between 2002 and 2020. Of González-Sponga's pholcid taxa we recognize three genera and 24 species as valid. We describe 43 new species (all from males and females) in one new and 13 previously described genera; four genera are newly recorded for Venezuela. We describe the previously unknown females of 15 species, present new records for 46 previously described species, synonymize one genus and one species, and correct numerous minor errors in previous publications on Venezuelan pholcids. At the generic level, the Venezuelan pholcid fauna now appears fairly well known, but available data on distribution and endemism suggest that many species remain undiscovered and undescribed. Despite the obvious gaps, our data are congruent with previous studies on other taxa that have the highest levels of endemism in the Venezuelan Andes, the Coastal Ranges, and the Guyana Highlands. The Falcón Region in particular shows a complex mosaic of biogeographic relationships with other regions. We provide new biological data on numerous species. We document the first cases of evolutionary microhabitat shifts in the genera Mecolaesthus Simon, 1893 and Priscula Simon, 1893. We document several cases of close congeners sharing localities, usually in slightly to conspicuously different microhabitats, sometimes apparently in identical microhabitats. We document several cases of color polymorphism, mostly intersexual, in Metagonia conica (Simon, 1893) both intersexual and among males. We document further cases of two rare phenomena in Pholcidae: use of specific non-silken structures for retreats (in Pisaboa Huber, 2000) and egg parasitism (in Priscula).
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Resource type:
Journal article
Publisher:
European Journal of Taxonomy
Alternate identifiers:
(local):
10698
DOI:
10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101
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Is cited by:
FFD1FFD5FFD07A01FF8BFF8FFA5BFFBA ( Plazi docId )
Taxonomic treatment
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F9E9A91E-488C-4DB1-9361-E788E9AC5BC1 ( URN )
Taxonomic treatment
Is variant form of:
https://zenodo.org/record/4069574 ( URL )
Journal article
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Created: October 15, 2021 | Modified: October 15, 2021